ADDIE Model
ADDIE model of instructional design
ADDIE model is one of the most common and effective models
used in instructional design. This model is used to plan and create efficient,
effective learning experiences in any environment as online or face to face
medium. ADDIE is designed to be a flexible, continuous process of improvements
and iterations. Instructional design is the systematic approach to the acronym
ADDIE which are Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation
of learning materials and activities. Each phase in the ADDIE model is related
to and interacts with each other.
Analysis Phase:
Analysis is the most important foundation phase which
defines what is to be learned. In order to carry out the analysis, we have to
analyses four things the learner needs, develop instructional analysis, create
instructional goals and analyses learning objectives. This phase helps us to be
clear about the goal of where we want our learner to be. First, we need to know
what the learners know and how much and what do you want the learners to learn?
After that identification of the instructional goal was achieved and lastly
what the learners should be able to do after the instruction. These steps were
carried in the analysis stage.
Design Phase:
The next phase of ADDIE model is Design phase where the
application of instruction is carried out. In this step, instructional
designers create and provide instruction design which facilitates learning and
interaction of learners. Furthermore, in the design phase the instructional
designers evolve and focus on designing assessment, select a form of the course
and create their own instructional strategy.
Development Phase:
In this phase, the instructional designers create factual
samples for the instructional design then develop the course materials and
lastly finalized by feedback, rehearsal.
Implementation:
The implementation phase refers to transforming the plan
into action, ie, actual delivery of the instruction. The purpose of this phase
is to produce effective and efficient delivery of instruction by training the
instructors, preparing learners and organising the learning environment.
Evaluation:
The evaluation phase is the final phase in the ADDIE model
which is very important to evaluate throughout the entire instructional process
that is within phases, between phases, and after implementation. Evaluation may
be Formative and Summative.
Formative Evaluation: It is ongoing evaluation during the
process and between the processes. The purpose of this evaluation is to improve
the instruction before the final version is implemented.
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